在kickstart的基础上搭建pxe网络安装环境实现服务器自动部署

• 1.首先关闭vmware的dhcp
• 2.开启主机图形
• 3.安装kickstart相关工具
• 4.打开图形化的kickstart脚本生成工具创建安装脚本
• 5.kickstart的基础上搭建pxe网络安装环境实现服务器自动部署
• 6.建立数据目录数据文件
• 7.修改主机上的被读取文件
• 8.测试

1.首先关闭vmware的dhcp

在关闭了dhcp之后会出现没有ip地址的情况,所以需要手动配置ip

2.开启主机图形

使用hostnamectl查看是否具有图形

Operating System是指图形化界面

如果在开启虚拟机之后没有打开可以使用init 5命令打开

如果没有安装图形化界面可以使用yum group install “Server with GUI” -y

3.安装kickstart相关工具

安装图形化生成kickstart自动安装脚本的工具

[root@localhost ~]# df -h Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs               4.8G     0  4.8G   0% /dev tmpfs                  4.8G     0  4.8G   0% /dev/shm tmpfs                  4.8G   13M  4.8G   1% /run tmpfs                  4.8G     0  4.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/rhel-root   45G  4.1G   41G  10% / /dev/sda1             1014M  183M  832M  19% /boot tmpfs                  982M   44K  982M   1% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0               4.3G  4.3G     0 100% /rhel7.9 [root@localhost ~]#  [root@localhost ~]# yum install system-config-kickstart -y Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager  ......  Installed:   system-config-kickstart.noarch 0:2.9.7-1.el7                                                                                         Dependency Installed:   system-config-date.noarch 0:1.10.6-3.el7                       system-config-date-docs.noarch 0:1.0.11-4.el7                         system-config-keyboard.noarch 0:1.4.0-5.el7                    system-config-keyboard-base.noarch 0:1.4.0-5.el7                      system-config-language.noarch 0:1.4.0-9.el7                     Complete! [root@localhost ~]#  

安装apache提供http服务

[root@localhost ~]# yum install httpd -y Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager  ...... Installed:   httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-95.el7                                                                                                          Dependency Installed:   apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-7.el7    apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7    httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-95.el7    mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7     Complete! #启动并设置开机自启动 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [root@localhost ~]#  

4.打开图形化的kickstart脚本生成工具创建安装脚本

system-config-kickstart 

基本配置

安装源设置如果没有安装httpd的话就不能用http

而且软件仓库是挂载在/rhel7.9的

所以需要创建一个软连接

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /rhel7.9/ /var/www/html/ [root@localhost ~]# ll /var/www/html/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Aug  5 07:32 rhel7.9 -> /rhel7.9/ #关闭防火墙及SELinux [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0 

测试:


引导加载程序

添加分区
/boot分区

swap分区

根分区

分区设置

网络设置这是安装好的网卡设置

身份认证默认就行

防火墙SELinux设置

图形界面设置

安装前执行的脚本

安装后执行的脚本

配置软件仓库

保存到/root目录下面

[root@localhost ~]# ll ks.cfg  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1197 Aug  5 09:40 ks.cfg [root@localhost ~]#  

编辑ks.cfs将需要下载的软件包加入其中并测试是否有语法错误

[root@localhost ~]# vim ks.cfg # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Disk partitioning information part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1024 part swap --fstype="swap" --size=512 part / --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1 #在这后面添加  %packages @base httpd %end  %pre ...... #测试语法错误 [root@localhost ~]# ksvalidator ks.cfg  [root@localhost ~]#  

将ks.cfg移动到http文件中去

[root@localhost ~]# cp /root/ks.cfg /var/www/html/ [root@localhost ~]# ll /var/www/html/ total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1225 Aug  5 09:49 ks.cfg lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Aug  5 07:32 rhel7.9 -> /rhel7.9/ [root@localhost ~]#  

使用浏览器查看是否能够访问

安装dhcp服务器,为其他服务器提供分配ip的功能

[root@localhost ~]# yum install dhcp -y #编写dhcp配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf cp: overwrite ‘/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf’? y [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf  # dhcpd.conf # # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd #  # option definitions common to all supported networks... option domain-name "mashang.org";		#公司域名 option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;		#对外分发的dns地址  default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200;  # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. #ddns-update-style none;  # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. #authoritative;  # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). log-facility local7;  # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the  # DHCP server to understand the network topology.  #subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #}  # This is a very basic subnet declaration.  subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {		#网络位和子网掩码   range 172.25.254.30 172.25.254.40;	#地址池   option routers 172.25.254.2;			#网关 } [root@localhost ~]#  #设置开机启动和运行dhcp [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now dhcpd 

5.kickstart的基础上搭建pxe网络安装环境实现服务器自动部署

在主机上安装pxe

[root@localhost isolinux]# yum install syslinux.x86_64 -y 

安装tftp软件包,为了共享pxelinux.0数据文件的网络服务

[root@localhost isolinux]# yum install tftp-server.x86_64 -y #启动服务并设置开机启动 [root@localhost isolinux]# systemctl enable --now tftp Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket. [root@localhost isolinux]# 

6.建立数据目录数据文件

将服务器需要的资源拷贝到资源目录下

[root@localhost isolinux]# cp /rhel7.9/isolinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@localhost isolinux]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@localhost isolinux]# ll /var/lib/tftpboot/ total 112148 -r--r--r--. 1 root root     2048 Aug  5 11:04 boot.cat -r--r--r--. 1 root root       84 Aug  5 11:04 boot.msg -r--r--r--. 1 root root      321 Aug  5 11:04 grub.conf -r--r--r--. 1 root root 51211620 Aug  5 11:04 initrd.img -r--r--r--. 1 root root    24576 Aug  5 11:04 isolinux.bin -r--r--r--. 1 root root     3166 Aug  5 11:04 isolinux.cfg -r--r--r--. 1 root root   190896 Aug  5 11:04 memtest -rw-r--r--. 1 root root    26743 Aug  5 11:05 pxelinux.0 -r--r--r--. 1 root root      186 Aug  5 11:04 splash.png -r--r--r--. 1 root root     2438 Aug  5 11:04 TRANS.TBL -r--r--r--. 1 root root 56427369 Aug  5 11:04 upgrade.img -r--r--r--. 1 root root   153104 Aug  5 11:04 vesamenu.c32 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root  6769496 Aug  5 11:04 vmlinuz [root@localhost isolinux]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/ #创建pxelinux.cfg [root@localhost tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg #将isolinux.cfg复制到pxelinux.cfg/default [root@localhost tftpboot]# cp isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default [root@localhost tftpboot]#  

编辑dhcp文件

[root@localhost tftpboot]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf  # dhcpd.conf # # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd #  # option definitions common to all supported networks... option domain-name "mashang.org"; option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;  default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200;  # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. #ddns-update-style none;  # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. #authoritative;  # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). log-facility local7;  # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the  # DHCP server to understand the network topology.  #subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #}  # This is a very basic subnet declaration.  subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {   range 172.25.254.30 172.25.254.40;   option routers 172.25.254.2;   next-server 172.25.254.100;   filename "pxelinux.0" } [root@localhost tftpboot]#  #重启dhcp服务 [root@localhost tftpboot]# systemctl restart httpd 

创建一个虚拟机server1

7.修改主机上的被读取文件

[root@localhost tftpboot]# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 

修改超时时间:

修改首页标题为hahahaha和资源

8.测试

以下列方式打开

进入此界面使用±来控制上移下移,将Network移动到最上面

如图选择按enter进入界面

进入页面后可以看到修改的超时时间和标题

选择第一个回车